Indicator 10 is the percentage of LEAs with disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic groups in specific disability categories that is the result of inappropriate identification.
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Terms to Know:
Disproportionate representation: The percentage of the groups in special education differs significantly from the percentage in the general school population.
Risk ratio: The comparison of two risks: the risk of the group under examination as compared to the risk of all other students not in that group being subject to the same outcome.
Cell size: The number of students with IEPs identified in the area under examination.
N size: The number of students who could have been identified in the area under examination.
Specific disability categories: For Indicator 10, states are required to analyze, at minimum, each of the following seven disability categories for children in kindergarten through grade 14: Intellectual Disabilities (Functional Mental Disability and Mild Mental Disability), Developmental Delay, Specific Learning Disability, Emotional Behavioral Disability, Speech and Language Impairment, Other Health Impairment and Autism.
Data Collection:
The OSEEL collects Indicator 10 data through LEA- provided data as self-reported in IC via the December 1 child count. Once the child count data are complete and verified, LEA-level identification data by each of the seven racial and ethnic groups is reviewed to determine if disproportionate representation exists. For LEAs identified as having a disproportionality, the state reviews policies, procedures and practices for appropriate identification of students with disabilities. The state also reviews student records in each racial and ethnic group identified with disproportionate representation. The OSEEL uses this review to determine if the disproportionate representation identified was due to inappropriate policies, procedures and practices.
Annually, the OSEEL uses a “risk ratio” methodology to determine if disproportionate representation exists in LEAs. The risk ratio methodology identifies LEAs who have disproportionate representation in the identification of students in particular racial and ethnic groups. For Indicator 9, OSEEL applies this methodology to determine if disproportionate representation by race or ethnicity existed when identifying students for special education services. In applying this methodology, the OSEEL reviews each LEA’s data to ensure for each race or ethnicity examined, the following conditions exist:
There were at least 30 students in the racial or ethnic group examined who were enrolled in the LEA.
There were at least 10 students in the racial or ethnic group being examined who were identified as eligible for special education services.
The rate at which students in the racial or ethnic group being examined meets or exceeds the threshold of 2.25 times or greater than the rate of students in all other races who are identified.
Measurement:
The OSEEL calculates Indicator 10 by taking by the total number of LEAs with disproportionate representation of ethnic groups that is a result of inappropriate identification and dividing it by the number of LEAs that met the established n- or cell-size and converting to a percentage.
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